To assess and evaluate effect of IV Ondansetron, Palonosetron and Ramosetron for prevention of PONV in patients posted for major elective surgery under General Anaesthesia

Abstract

Background & Method: After obtaining approval from the ethical committee, the present study entitled " To assess and evaluate effect of IV Ondansetron, Palonosetron and Ramosetron for prevention of PONV in patients posted for major elective surgery under General Anaesthesia.” was carried out on patients of ASA grade I and II in the Department of Anaesthesiology, J.A. Group of Hospitals of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P) from 2016- 18 after obtaining well informed written consent from the patients. Grouping: 120 patients of ASA grade І & ІІ of either sex, scheduled for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were divided into 4 groups, (n=30 each), randomly using closed envelope technique.Result: The statistical analysis of the number of patients who required rescue anti emetic till the time of the observation is shown above. The percentage of patients, requiring rescue drug, during observation period for group C, O, P, and R was 66.67%, 46.67%, 26.67%, and 23.0% respectively.The difference was statistically not significant while comparing group C&O (p=0.118); O&P (p=0.107); O&R (p=0.058); and P&R (p=0.76). However, the difference happened to be statistically significant when compared among groups C&P (p=0.0019); group C&R (p=0.0007).The statistical analysis of the number of patients who did not suffer from vomiting till the time of the observation is shown above.
The percentage of patients, free from vomitingduring observation period for group C, O, P, and R was 36.67%, 53.34%, 80.0%, and 76.67% respectively.The difference was statistically not significant while comparing group C&O (p=0.19); and P&R (p=0.754). However, the difference happened to be statistically significant when compared amonggroups C&P (p= 0.0006); group C&R (p= 0.001); O&P (p= 0.028); and O&R (p= 0.04).Conclusion:Palonosetron as well as Ramosetron are safe and equally effective in reducing the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting up to 24 hours, when given prior to induction of general anaesthesia. Ondansetron is less effective than Palonosetron and Ramosetron in reducing the nausea and vomiting in post operative period.