A prospective study of anaemia in adult age group in Kalaburagi district region

Abstract

Introduction: Anaemia is a condition in which haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and/or red blood cell (RBC) numbers are lower than normal and insufficient to meet an individual’s physiological needs of affects roughly one-third of the world’s population. Vitamin B-12, also called cobalamin, has the biggest and most intricate chemical structure of all the essential vitamins. Without vitamin B-12, cannot make enough heme to produce functional red blood cells. People with low vitamin B-12 levels develop vitamin B-12 deficiency anemia, which is characterized by blood cells poor in hemoglobinMaterials and Methods:Study Design- The study was carried out at Department of Pathology, ESIC Medical College & Hospital (January 2020 to may 2021), Kalaburagi. It is Prospective and observational study with 100 persons with the age group of 18 to 65 years were studied for estimation of Hb, vitamin B12 and Mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Detailed history and complete physical examination was recorded.Result:In our study 100 subjects were enrolled, 51% were males and 49% were females. The maximum number of patients were between 41-60 years of age group and least were more than 61years. The seroprevalence of vitamin B12, the results reveal that vitamin B12 deficiency would increase MCV. Out of 37 patients who were vitamin B12 deficient 8.1% had high MCV (>100 fL), 16.2% had low MCV (<80 fL) and 75.6% were with normal values of MCV (80 - 100 fL). Out of 63 patients with normal vitamin B12 level 28.5% had low MCV and 3.17% had high MCV and 68.2% were with normal value of MCV.Conclusion:There is no correlation between vitamin B12 levels and MCV in majority of the cases. MCV should not be the only criteria for ordering vitamin B12 for patients with anemia under evaluation.