Risk Factors Profile for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases: A Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Study in Warangal District, Telangana, India

Abstract

Background: Non-communicable disease (NCD) can be chronic diseases of long duration and slow progression. This cross sectional, community based, single-center study was carried out to assess the socio-demographic profile and risk factors of non-communicable diseases using WHO STEPUP approach among adults. Methods: Four hundred cases with age population in range of 20-59 years and residing in rural field were included in the study. Study tools included a WHO step up approach questionnaire, Sphygmomanometer, weighing scale, non-stretchable tape and stethoscope. The data was entered and tabulated in MS-Excel 2007, and statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 22.0) and p<0.05 is considered as statistical significance. Results: Maximum 61.8% of the study participants were male, whereas 38.2% were females. Age increases proportion of diabetes mellitus and hypertension and the prevalence was high among 50-59 years. Nearly more than half of females were suffering from hypertension and this difference was found to be statistically significant. Among 221 hypertensive study participants, 8 were associated with history of cerebro-vascular accident, 166 are found to be ≤25kg/m2 BMI, 44 were tobacco users, nearly equal distribution of alcoholic users (111) and non-users (110). Among 111 diabetes mellitus study subjects, around 50% (67) was found to be ≤25kg/m2 BMI, 31 with are tobacco users, 10 are having the history of both forms of tobacco users. Conclusion: Proportion of hypertension was highest among obese group with BMI ≥25mg/kg2 was 55 and the association was found to be significant. The proportion of hypertension was found to be statistically significant among alcoholic and non-alcoholic users.