Combined Detection of Prediabetes Using HBA1C and Fasting Blood Sugar Levels

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is associated with severe microvascular and macrovascular complications. Nonetheless, early detection of DM in prediabetic stage substantially delays/prevents the development of DM. However, early detection of prediabetes remains to be entirely expounded. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the detection rateof prediabetes using HbA1c along with fasting blood sugar (FBS) in comparison with the rate achieved by HbA1c and FBS alone.Methods: The study enrolled a total of 234 participants. HbA1c and FBS levels were evaluated using immunochromatographic method, and glucose oxidase-phenol and 4 aminophenazone method, respectively. Hemoglobin concentration, serum creatinine, and lipid profile were simultaneously evaluated, and a peripheral smear study was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio.3.6.1.Results: Out of 234 participants, prediabetes was predominant in males [159 (59.4%)] and in those who were 51–80 years old [158 (67.52%)]. Combined detection rate of 38.46% achieved by FBS and HbA1c was higher than that by FBS (28.63%) or HbA1c (19.66%) alone. Hypertension (23.93%) was the most commonly associated comorbidity.Conclusion: The combined detection rate of prediabetes is higher than that achieved by HbA1c and FBS alone. Although FBS is a well-established predictor of prediabetes, HbA1c is a much more sensitive parameter than FBS in detecting prediabetes.