Epidemiology of Facial Bone Fractures – A Three Year Retrospective Study

Abstract

Facial bone fractures are commonly seen in road traffic accident patients and the unique aspect of facial injury treatment is that the restoration of appearance alone may be the main indication for treatment. The current study aims to investigate the patterns in the etiology, demographic distribution, nature of injuries, management and outcome. This is a hospital based retrospective study conducted from medical records/case files of 256 patients who were admitted in the Department of Plastic Surgery with facial bone fractures for three years between January 2015 and December 2017 at NRI general hospital& medical college, Chinakakani, Andhra Pradesh, India. The patient's data were compared in terms of age, the month of injury, gender, mode of injury, fracture patterns, and type of treatment given. . Majority of the cases of facial injury were in the age group of 15 to 45 years with males being the predominant gender affected. The most common mechanism of trauma in this study was road traffic accidents followed by Fall and Assault. June and July months had peak incidence of facial injuries. Majority of the patients had mid-face fractures followed by pan-facial and mandibular fractures. Majority of the cases needed closed and open reduction, only a few were managed conservatively. All cases were performed at one institute by a single plastic surgeon.