Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Clinical Correlation with Biochemical Status

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age group. PCOS consist of chronic anovulation, menstrual disturbances, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries and metabolic syndrome. Objectives: to find out clinical, biochemical and hormonal profiles in PCOS cases and correlate with normal individual. Material and methods: A prospective case control study of 200 women in the age group of 18-30 years, 100 having PCOS and 100 in the control group. Results: Menstrual irregularity seen in 92 % of PCOS, oligomenorrhoea was the most common presentation. 52% had infertility. 53% were hirsute. Mean BMI, waist: hip ratio, mean LH level, LH: FSH ratio, total testosterone, fasting insulin and total cholesterol were high in PCOS compared to control group and the difference in mean values were statistically significant (P value <0.001). Mean LH was 15.44 ± 7.09 in PCOS and 9.92 ± 4.55 in control group. Mean LH: FSH ratio was 2.86 ± 1.44 in PCOS and 1.71 ± 0.71 in Control group. Mean testosterone was 70.69 ± 25.67 in PCOS and 30.41 ± 14.43 in control group. It was raised in 67 % of PCOS. Mean fasting insulin in PCOS was 21.45 ± 12.49 and 15.58 ± 5.47 in control group. Mean prolactin was 23.85 ± 12.50 in PCOS and 19.69± 9.00 in control group. Conclusion: Most of the PCOS were oligomenorrhoic, hirsute with raised BMI and waist-hip ratio. Mean LH, LH: FSH ratio, testosterone and fasting Insulin level were significantly raised in PCOS.