A Prospective Study on Outcome of High Tibial Osteotomy Among Patients of Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint With Varus Deformity At A Tertiary Care Center of Bihar

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease characterized by gradual development of joint pain, stiffness, swelling and limitation of movements. Osteoarthritis causes chronic disability; the degree of disability depends on the site involved and varies greatly between individual. In the present study, outcome after high tibial osteotomy has been evaluated with respect to postoperative improvement and individual goal achievement. Methodology: A prospective interventional single centre study was conducted at Madhubani Medical College & Hospital, Bihar during the period of 1 year between August 2019 to July 2020 after permission from Institutional Ethical committee. After this, the patients were followed up till 12 months. The patients included were those who had standard indication for High tibial osteotomy. Inclusion criteria to include the patients in this series were, Unicompartmental Arthritis of knee with varus deformity, good muscle strength to carry out rehabilitation and good vascular status without arterial insufficiency. During the study period, a total of 20 patients were selected and assessed preoperatively and postoperatively with Knee Society score and Functional Score sheet. Assessment and evaluation was done using a regularized custom made protocol which included the symptoms of the patients, associated medical conditions, knee society score and knee society functional score. Results: In the current study, the age of the patients had ranged from 44 – 53 years with a mean age of 48.4 years. Among the 20 patients, majorities were female with a male: female ratio of0.54:1. For majority of the patients right side of the knee was involved and 3 patients had bilateral knee involvement. 75% of the patients had grade III type of Osteoarthritis and rest 25% had grade IV type of Osteoarthritis. Conclusion: The main improvements seen in this study were related to pain reduction and an increase in the knee score and functional score after high tibial osteotomy and also delays the need for total knee replacement.