Observational study on the incidence and risk factors for seroma formation following modified radical mastectomy

Authors

  • Mohammed Ribin.S Junior Resident, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India
  • Jayan. N.P Associate Professor, Department of General surgery, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India
  • Abdul Basith Assistant Professor, Department of General surgery, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India
  • E.V.Gopi Professor and Head of the Department, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India

Keywords:

Breast cancer, MRM, seroma

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and second leading cause of cancer death among women. The surgical treatment of choice for these patients is either modified radical mastectomy or breast preservation depending upon stage of the disease. Seroma formation is the most frequent postoperative complication after breast cancer surgery, of which the pathogenesis has not been fully understood. In view of this, we collected data to determine the incidence and risk factors related to seroma formation in our patients and increase its scope and hence attempt to prevent it. Materials and methods: An observational study was conducted in 126 female patients who have undergone MRM from the Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode from November 2020 to November 2021. Those who are having seroma clinically within 4 weeks of surgery are sent for radiological evaluation (USG), size measured accordingly. Statistical analysis of the data performed and Pearson Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test were used for comparing categorical variables between groups. Results: The threshold age of development of seroma formation after MRM was ≥56.The threshold BMI of development of seroma formation after MRM was ≥27.50kg/m2.The threshold tumour size of development of seroma formation after MRM was ≥4cms. Out of 26 patients who underwent level 3 axillary dissection, 13 patients (81.2%) developed seroma. Level 2 axillary dissection was performed in 110 patients and only 26 ( 23.6%) patients developed seroma. >12 lymph nodes were removed in 33 patients and 25(75.8 %) developed seroma. In 93 patients with < 12 lymph nodes removed only 14 (15.1%) patients developed seroma. Conclusion: 1. 31% of patients in the study population who had undergone MRM developed seroma within four weeks after surgery. 2. Seroma formation after MRM showed positive correlation with age, BMI, tumour size, level 3 axillary dissection and >12 lymph nodes removed during surgery. 3. There was no correlation between seroma formation and day of drain removal, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, usage of breast bandage and shoulder exercises.

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Published

2022-01-17

How to Cite

Mohammed Ribin.S, Jayan. N.P, Abdul Basith, & E.V.Gopi. (2022). Observational study on the incidence and risk factors for seroma formation following modified radical mastectomy. International Journal of Health and Clinical Research, 5(2), 663–666. Retrieved from https://www.ijhcr.com/index.php/ijhcr/article/view/4778