Hematological parameters in COVID-19 patients at admission in a tertiary care centre in central India

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus is an acute respiratory infection with systemic manifestations.Studies have shown that abnormal hematological parameters can help in prognostication of patients. Our study analyses hematological parameters for prognostication and prediction of mortality in SARS-CoV-2 patients from central India. Aim: Present study aims to compare the mean value of hematological parameters from 350 hospitalized COVID-19 patients (survivors and non-survivors), in order to assess their role in prognostication and prediction of mortality. Our study evaluates complete blood count (CBC) and their ratios, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in central India. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 350 patients hospitalized for treatment of COVID-19. They were divided into two groups on the basis of their outcome: group 1 comprised of 28 non- survivors; group 2 comprised of 322 survivors.Results: Male predominance was seen in both survivors and non survivors.Mortality rate was 8%. Statistically significant differences were observed with respect to total leucocyte count (TLC), neutrophil percent (N%), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), Lymphocyte percent (L%), zero eosinophil percent (E%), absolute eosinophil count (AEC), NLR, MLR, PLR and SII at admission between survivors and non survivors of COVID-19 patients.Conclusion: Elevated TLC, neutrophil percent, ANC, NLR, MLR, PLR and SII at admission are useful in prognostication and prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients.