Congenital anomalies of the kidneys as evidenced on multidetector CT in a tertiary care hospital, Tamil Nadu

Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidneys or lower urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common causes of renal failure in children and account for 25% of end-stage renal disease in adults. Objective: Present study was carried out to assess the incidence of congenital anomalies of the kidneys in adulthood in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive study in which records of 1048 participants of who underwent CT KUB examination from January 2020 to JULY 2021 in the department of radiology, Sri Muthukumaran Medical college Hospital and Research Institute were studied for CAKUT. Results: In present study, overall incidence of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) was 6.96%. Duplex collecting system in our study was 2.29%. Overall PUJO was seen among 2% of the study participants. Mal-rotated and ectopic kidneys were seen among 0.86% and 0.76% of the study participants respectively. Renal Agenesis and Horse shoe kidney was seen among 0.38% of the study participants each. Overall cross fused ectopia seen among 0.29% of the study participants. Conclusion: Knowledge about CAKUT and their radiological findings helps to diagnose it and permit optimal patient management and thorough workup to prevent hypertension and progression from CAKUT to renal failure.