Assessment of haematuria and acute kidney injury associated with warfarin anticoagulation

Abstract

Background: Warfarin is widely used as anticoagulant therapy to prevent primary and secondary thromboembolic events. The present study was conducted to assess haematuria and acute kidney injury associated with warfarin anticoagulation. Materials & Methods: 60 CKD patients (stages 2–4) who received chronic warfarin therapy were divided into 2 groups. Group I patients experienced a SC increase of ≥0.3 mg/dl and group II patients did not experience a SC increase of ≥0.3 mg/dl. Clinical parameters were measured before, during, and after the episode of INR >3.0. Results: There were 17 males and 13 females in group I and 20 males and 10 female sin group II. Hematuria at the time of abnormal INR was negative in 15 and 16, trace in 6 and 7, moderate in 4 and 5 and large in 5 and 2 in group I and II respectively. Treatment with warfarin recently initiated in 8 in group I and 4 in group II. For warfarin therapy was AF seen in 18 and 12, APL in 4 and 6, DVT in 6 and 8 and VR in 2 and 4. Diabetic nephropathy was seen in 12 and 8, HTN in 11 and 7 and glomerulonephritis in 7 and 15 in group I and II respectively. Conclusion: Chronic warfarin therapy that results in overanticoagulation is a risk factor for accelerated progression of CKD.