Computed Tomographic Evaluation for Acute Pancreatitis Diagnosis

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreatitis is one of the most complicated and difficult to treat of all the abdominal ailments. The most prevalent diagnostic imaging modalities for pancreatic examination are USG and abdominal CT. In both diagnosing and displaying the extent, computed tomography (CT) is more accurate and sensitive than ultrasound (USG). The importance of determining the aetiology and severity of acute pancreatitis early on is critical for rapid treatment and thorough monitoring of patients with severe pancreatitis. Materials and Methods: This Hospital-based prospective study comprised of a total of 40 patients. Of 40 Cases of suspected acute pancreatitis referred to the department of Radio-diagnosis for contrast-enhanced computed tomography on the clinical suspicion/diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, altered biochemical parameters in favour of acute pancreatitis were included in this study. Results: The present study consisted of 40 patients who were suspected to havepancreatitis. The peak age of incidence was noted in 31-40 years. Etiology of pancreatitis in 23 cases (57.5%) gallstones and alcoholic comprising of 8 (20%). The contour of the pancreatic gland was irregular in 25 (62.5%) patients while in 15 (37.5%) it was regular.7 patients are normal and 33 patients had enlargement of the pancreas with focal enlargement seen in 14 patients (35%)while the 18 patients (47.5%) showed diffuse enlargement. The density of the pancreatic gland was normal in 4 (10.0%) patients; focally hypodense in 23 (57.5%) of patients, generalized hypodensities in 8 (20 %) patients, and the entire gland was distorted in 3 patients (7.5%). Organ failure, death seen in only severe category in revised Atlanta classification, moderate and severe category in modified Mortele CTSI, mild, moderate, severe category in Balthazar CTSI. Conclusions: In every case, a CT scan revealed the disease's exact morphological appearance. Using several CT numerical grading systems, CECT was particularly beneficial in staging acute pancreatitis.