Study of Clinico-Demographic and Laboratory Profile of Children Diagnosed With Typhoid Fever

Abstract

Aims: Evaluation of Clinical & Laboratory Profile of Typhoid Fever in Children. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics at VIMS, Pawapuri, Nalanda, Bihar, India from November 2019 to July  2020. Total 120 Children aged below 18 years with history of fever of more than 5-7 days duration were included in this study. In each case, age, sex, presenting complaint, laboratory investigations and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are collected and analysed. Results: Out of 120 cases, 76 cases (63.33%) were males and 44 cases (32%) were females. Most of the cases were aged between 5 and 10 years. 28 cases were below 5 years, representing 23.33%. 36 cases were aged above 10 years, representing 30%. 56 cases were aged between 5 and 10 years (46.67%). Most of the cases (64.17%) stayed in hospital up to 5 to 10 days after admission. 24.17 % cases stayedupto5dayinhospitalandonly11.67%ofcases stayed in hospital for more than 10 days. The most common symptom was fever (100%), followed by anorexia (63.33%), vomiting (45%), pain abdomen (19.17%), diarrhoea (14.17%), headache (10.83%), and cough (6.67%). The most common sign  of physical finding was toxic look in 72.5% of the cases followed by coated tongue in 55%, hepatomegaly 38.33%, splenomegaly 20.83%, hepatosplenomegaly in 12.5% of cases and pallor in 8.33% of cases. Anemia was found in 25(20.83%) cases, leucopenia and p leucocytosis were  observed in 37(30.83%) cases and 17(14.17%) cases respectively. Neutropenia found in 43(35.83%) cases and neutrophilia was found in 41(34.17%) cases. Eosinopenia was seen in 49(40.83%) cases, eosinophilia in 12(10%) cases and thrombocytopenia in 22(18.33%) cases. Conclusions: Typhoid fever should be suspected and investigated in all children with short and long duration fever without localizing signs. Early diagnosis and institution of appropriate antibiotics therapy is of paramount importance in the management of typhoid fever.